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Afghan Taliban Sidestep Cease-fire, But Peace Efforts Continue

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For several weeks, speculation has abounded in Afghanistan about whether the extraordinary Eid al-Fitr cease-fire this past June would be repeated for Eid al-Adha, the Islamic holiday which in Afghanistan began on Tuesday. Afghan President Ghani signaled for weeks that government forces were open to a second pause, finally on Sunday offering a cease-fire formally if the Taliban reciprocated. The Taliban maintained a studious silence on the matter, though anonymous sources told media outlets that the group’s leaders had decided against declaring one, and the week before the holiday the Taliban launched a major assault on the city of Ghazni. What happened, and what does it mean?

Get the full story at USIP here,

South Sudanese rebels ‘approve’ peace deal with government

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South Sudanese rebels have approved a peace deal with Juba that is expected to be formally signed at a summit of regional leaders. Sudan’s Foreign Minister Al-Dirdiri Mohamed Ahmed, who is mediating the negotiations, said rebels had signed a key document aimed at ending the country’s devastating five-year civil war on Thursday.

Read the full story on Al Jazeera here.

Spain offers Colombia help to reach peace with ELN rebels

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Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez, on his first tour of Latin America since taking office in June, on Thursday offered any necessary support to push forward a peace deal between Colombia and ELN rebels. Colombia’s new President Ivan Duque, who is evaluating whether to continue the peace talks, said in a joint news conference with Sanchez that he will happily consider Spain’s offer if rebels stop all violence and criminal activity.

Get the full story from Reuters here.

South Sudan Journalists Training to Resist Hate Speech

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Inflammatory media online has been blamed for contributing to South Sudan’s civil war, which has been ongoing for five years now and has claimed up to 300,000 lives. Now several organizations have banded together to host workshops on the ground to teach local journalists about the importance of reporting objectively.

The Network of South Sudanese Civil Society Organizations recently completed a training session in Kampala, Uganda, where many South Sudanese journalists have fled to.

“The conflict in South Sudan began as a political conflict,” said Tito Anthony from the Network of South Sudanese Civil Society Organizations.

“It went beyond a political crisis, it went beyond a crisis of personality, which is Riek Machar and Salva Kiir, it has gone to a bigger tribal… so it has become a tribal issue between the Nuer and the Dinka.”

“If journalists remain, in South Sudanese especially, if they remain in that ideology it will influence whatever they do, even their writing. We feel like because they are the messengers, they are the people who spread the message, we should also remind them to keep focus, focus on their work, the accuracy, the non-partisanship and not allow other factors to influence their work.”

Sharlotte Ainebyoona Kigezo from Platform Africa was one of the facilitators at the training and said online media has played a big part in the conflict. “From my view, and the trainings I do as a facilitator, social media that has been juiced up by prejudice and hate has elevated the current crisis that’s going on in South Sudan,” she said.

“And that’s why as an organization we picked that direction, to see healing in South Sudan.”

Twenty-five participants attended the training in May, where they learned about prejudice and hate speech mitigation. Ms Kigezo said part of training involved clearly defining hate speech as communication that “denigrates people on the basis of their membership of a particular group”. “This may include a form of expression such as image, play, or songs as well as speech,” she said.

“When you notice hate speech on social media we have three ways to [approach] it. Number one you can either ignore, or number two you can engage in conversation, and then number three, which is the final [approach]: You report. All social media platforms give us the ability to be able to report anything we consider hate speech, anything we consider offensive, anything we consider insulting.”

Freelance journalist Daniel Paul participated in the training and said he will be putting his new skills to good use. “The knowledge I’ve gained here, I’ll be using it in mitigating hate speech on social media by digging deep – whenever I get information I have to dig deep to know the source of that information.”

“And also I have to see that this information, will it really bring change in my community, in my community, in my society? Or it will bring division in the community.”

Op-Ed: US Congress Takes Step Towards Legislating Peace

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Opinion: Madeline Rose is the senior global advocacy adviser for Mercy Corps. She is a Seminar XXI Fellow at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, a Board Member of the Herbert Scoville Jr. Peace Fellowship, and an organizing and advocacy trainer with Wellstone Action.

The world is experiencing a 25-year peak in violence. In 2016, more countries experienced some form of violent conflict than at any time in the past 30 years. Nearly half of the world’s population – 3.34 billion people – has been exposed to political violence in the last 15 years. This violence is, in turn, driving record levels of human displacement: 68.5 million people are currently on the run, forcibly displaced from their homes.

Ironically, now more than ever, we have the capacity to act on sound evidence to reduce global violence, manage fragility and prevent future wars. New innovations like big data and machine learning give us the tools to better predict trends in violence and inform real-time responses to prevent mass atrocities and war. Improved data collection capacities in war zones allow us to test, iterate and learn what type of programming works, and doesn’t, to reduce participation in organized armed violence. What we lack are policy frameworks and diplomatic alliances committed to putting these tools and capacities into action.

Luckily, U.S. lawmakers are taking steps towards shepherding this desperately needed change. This week the bi-partisan Global Fragility and Violence Reduction Act of 2018 was introduced in the Senate, building on its companion bill introduced in the U.S. House of Representatives in March.

This timely legislation would require the whole of U.S. government – in collaboration with global civil society – to develop a 10-year strategy to bring down current levels of global violence and better address the root causes of violence, violent conflict and fragility that drive recurrent global crises. The legislation would, for the first time in U.S. history, compel the U.S. government to define, in U.S. law, its approach to prevention and peacebuilding, and commit to specific targets and metrics for its efforts to manage risks that are likely to derail progress towards peace.

There is strong evidence that the types of development investments this legislation would propel can indeed reduce violence and build peace and stability. A program implemented by my organization, Mercy Corps, in conflict-affected areas of Somalia that provided young people access to education and civic engagement opportunities reduced their propensity to support political violence by nearly 65 percent. In Nigeria, more than 900 community leaders who gained conflict negotiation skills as part of our peacebuilding program resolved more than 500 disputes, and communities felt safer and had greater trust in other groups compared to communities not participating in our program. In Central African Republic, a community-led program designed to rebuild social cohesion during a wave of violence led to fighters voluntarily disarming in order to join community leaders and peace committees to advocate for an end to the war.

This evidence shows us that global policymakers and violence prevention practitioners can indeed improve the way in which we plan, design and measure efforts to reduce, manage and prevent violence by borrowing from global best practice. The Global Fragility and Violence Reduction Act of 2018 is a step in the right direction toward building a proactive, evidence based approach to reducing and preventing global violence and its disastrous ramifications for humanity worldwide.